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Archive of Science & Health - February 2000

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Applications of Virtual Environments Technology - "John N Sutherland, Senior Lecturer in Virtual Environments, University of Abertay Dundee, surveys the games, virtual reality and multimedia markets and provides a forecast of things to come. There are three different hardware platforms for developing virtual environments: high-power/high-cost, medium-power/low-cost, and games consoles. The overlap – and largest field – is on the medium-power/low-cost platform – the PC. The power on the desktop approximately doubles each year. This past year has seen ex-magazine purchasable PCs for VE work with close to 1GHz processor speed, 0.5GB RAM, ever-improving 3D accelerator cards, and vastly improved audio cards and speaker systems..."

Solar Flare Leaves Sun Quaking - "Scientists have shown for the first time that solar flares produce seismic waves in the Sun's interior that closely resemble those created by earthquakes on our planet. The researchers observed a flare-generated solar quake that contained about 40,000 times the energy released in the great earthquake that devastated San Francisco in 1906. The amount of energy released was enough to power the United States for 20 years at its current level of consumption, and was equivalent to an 11.3 magnitude earthquake, scientists calculated..." 

South Pole is moved - Scientists working in Antarctica have repositioned the special marker post that records the exact location on the Earth's surface of the South Pole. The special ceremony, which is always carried out on 1 January every year, is necessary because the ice pack is shifting. Over the course of 12 months, the pole, which has an inscribed plaque on top, moves by approximately 10 metres...

Difficult to become a hacker? It's easier than you think - Ever wonder how hard it is to become a hacker? I can tell you firsthand it's probably easier than you may think. It all started when I was testing Symantec's Web clients for pcANYWHERE on my office network. I downloaded the software from Symantec's site and ran it. Wonder of wonders, it worked perfectly -- way cool and very impressive...

Alcohol-Brain Cell Link Found - "A single drinking binge by a pregnant woman can be enough to permanently damage the brain of her unborn child, according to a new study of the effects of alcohol on babies. Although experiments in the study were conducted on laboratory rats, experts said the findings offer an explanation of why children born to drinking mothers can suffer learning disabilities and other brain disorders..."

Supercomputing - "For many hours of the day and night millions of computers in homes and offices around the world remain switched on but essentially idle, with nothing better to do than run a screen saver of flying toasters. So why not make use of all that spare capacity, by joining as many of these computers together as possible and creating immense computing power in new internet-based supercomputers?"

Small Sunspot, Big Flare - The eruption was bright across the electromagnetic spectrum. It registered the maximum rating of "B" (for brilliant) on the 3-level scale of optical intensity for solar flares. At X-ray wavelengths the Earth-orbiting GOES 8 satellite also detected a bright surge that put the flare in the most powerful X-class. Large flares like this one can emit up to 1032 ergs of energy. This energy is ten million times greater than the energy released from a volcanic explosion. On the other hand, it is less than one-tenth of the total energy emitted by the Sun every second...

Solar Smoke Rings - In J.R.R. Tolkien's well-known fantasy The Hobbit, the diminutive inhabitants of the Shire loved to smoke pipe-weed and blow intricate rings to delight their visitors. Only the powerful wizard Gandalf could best a Hobbit in that difficult art. Here in the real world, the best way to enjoy an enchanting tobacco-free smoke ring may surprise you. Simply tune in to the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), an Earth-orbiting observatory with an eye on the biggest puffer in the solar system - the Sun...

The Andromeda Drain - "The Chandra X-ray Observatory has spied a peculiar black hole at the center of the Andromeda galaxy. When NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory was launched in 1999, many astronomers were understandably anxious to view the first high resolution X-ray pictures of the Milky Way's nearest galactic neighbor. Earlier data from the Hubble Space Telescope had revealed a black hole candidate in Andromeda's nucleus weighing in at 30 million solar masses. If there really was a supermassive black hole there, then there should be an X-ray source betraying its presence..."

Never Say Die - "Listen in Real Audio - Mars Polar Lander, After receiving weak signals that may have come from Mars Polar Lander on Dec. 18 and Jan. 4, Stanford radio astronomers are again listening for murmurs from the missing spacecraft..."

Genetically Identical Monkeys Made - Researchers using a technique called embryo splitting hope to grow genetically identical rhesus monkeys in the laboratory - a breakthrough that would enable experiments such as growing new organs from stem cells to be tested on monkeys rather than mice. Monkeys are closer to human biology...

 

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